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303 grade stainless steel is also called 1.4305 stainless steel, and 303 grade is the easiest to process of all austenitic stainless steels. The machinability properties of the 303 grade are due to the presence of sulfur in the steel elements. Sulfur can improve machining, but it also reduces corrosion resistance and toughness. The corrosion resistance of the 303 type is lower than that of the 304 type, but the toughness is still as excellent as other austenitic grades.
305 stainless steel is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with a low work hardening rate. This low work hardening rate makes it suitable for many deep drawing applications. In order to minimize the earrings during the drawing process, the directionality introduced during the cold rolling process must be kept to a minimum.
317L is a low-carbon austenitic stainless steel containing molybdenum. More chromium, nickel and molybdenum are added to obtain better corrosion resistance and increase the resistance to sulfurous acid, acetic acid, formic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid. Resistance to chemical attack. Due to its low carbon content, 317L also provides resistance to sensitization during welding, as well as higher creep, rupture stress and high temperature tensile strength. It is non-magnetic in the annealed state, but may become slightly magnetic after welding.
321(UNS S32100) is a titanium stabilized austenitic stainless steel with good general corrosion resistance. It has good intergranular corrosion resistance at a chromium carbide precipitation temperature of 800-1500 °F(427-816°C). The alloy is resistant to oxidation at 1500 °F(816°C) and has higher creep and stress rupture properties than the 304 and 304L alloys. It also has good low temperature toughness.
330 is an austenitic nickel-chromium-iron-silicon alloy with excellent oxidation and carburizing properties up to 2200 °F and high strength. The high nickel and chromium content of the alloy provides excellent oxidation resistance and carburization, and the silicon content further improves the oxidation resistance of the alloy. The ultra-high nickel content of 34 to 37% of the alloy 330 also provides high resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking and embrittlement due to sigma phase precipitation in most furnace atmospheres. The alloy 330 also has a low coefficient of expansion, excellent ductility and high strength.
347 is a stable austenitic chromium steel, containing niobium, which can eliminate carbide precipitation, thereby eliminating corrosion during the year. 347 is stabilized by the addition of chromium and tantalum, and provides higher creep and stress rupture properties than alloys 304 and 304L, which can also be used for sensitization and exposure to corrosion problems during the year. The addition of niobium also makes the 347 alloy have excellent corrosion resistance, even better than the 321 alloy.
The mechanical properties of 405 stainless steels are important in determining their suitability for various applications. This steel has excellent workability and is easy to cut and shape into different shapes. In addition, the material exhibits a good level of strength and hardness, making it wear-resistant and tear-resistant. A remarkable characteristic of 405 stainless steel is its ductility, which refers to its ability to deform under pressure without breaking. This property makes the metal suitable for forming processes such as bending and rolling without cracking or breaking.
409 is a general purpose chromium, titanium stabilized ferritic stainless steel, its main application is automotive exhaust systems. It contains 11% chromium, which is the lowest amount to form a passive surface film, which makes stainless steel corrosion resistant. It combines good high temperature corrosion resistance, medium strength, good formability and overall cost. Compared with carbon steel, 409 has strong corrosion resistance and is used as a substitute for carbon steel in mildly challenging environments. In this environment, its high resistance to corrosion and high temperature oxidation has advantages. It is usually used in applications where appearance is a secondary quality to mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.
410 is a basic general-purpose martensitic stainless steel, used for high-stress parts, with good corrosion resistance and high strength and hardness. The alloy 410 contains at least 11.5 percent chromium, which is just enough to exhibit corrosion resistance in mild atmospheres, vapors, and many mild chemical environments. It is a general-purpose grade, usually provided in a hardened but still processable condition, for applications that require high strength, medium heat resistance and corrosion resistance. After the 410 is hardened, tempered and polished, it shows the greatest corrosion resistance.
